新華社(she)北(bei)京11月30日電 12月1日出(chu)版的(de)第23期(qi)《求是(shi)》雜志(zhi)將發表(biao)中共中央(yang)總書(shu)記(ji)、國家主(zhu)席、中央(yang)軍委主(zhu)席習近平(ping)的(de)重要文章《切(qie)實加強(qiang)耕地(di)保護 抓(zhua)好鹽堿地(di)綜合改造利用》。
文(wen)章強(qiang)(qiang)調,要(yao)深刻認識加(jia)強(qiang)(qiang)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)保護的(de)重要(yao)性和緊迫性。糧(liang)食安全是“國之大(da)者”,耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)是糧(liang)食生產(chan)的(de)命(ming)根(gen)子。我(wo)們黨(dang)始終高度重視耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)保護問題(ti)。黨(dang)的(de)十八(ba)大(da)以來,黨(dang)中央先后(hou)實施一系列(lie)硬(ying)措施,守住(zhu)了(le)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)紅(hong)線(xian),初步遏制(zhi)了(le)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)總量持(chi)續下(xia)滑趨勢。同時要(yao)清(qing)醒認識到(dao),我(wo)國人多地(di)少的(de)國情沒(mei)有變,耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)“非農(nong)化”、“非糧(liang)化”問題(ti)依然突出,守住(zhu)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)紅(hong)線(xian)的(de)基礎尚不(bu)托底,農(nong)田水(shui)利方(fang)面欠賬還很(hen)多。新(xin)時代新(xin)征(zheng)程上,耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)保護任務沒(mei)有減輕,而是更加(jia)艱巨。
文章提出了(le)加強(qiang)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)的(de)總(zong)體思路和關鍵(jian)舉措。文章強(qiang)調(diao),耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)一個(ge)系統工程,當前,要突(tu)出把(ba)(ba)握(wo)好量(liang)質(zhi)并(bing)重、嚴格(ge)執法(fa)、系統推進、永(yong)續利(li)用(yong)等重大(da)要求。文章強(qiang)調(diao),守住耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)這(zhe)個(ge)命根子,必(bi)須(xu)要有(you)幾個(ge)關鍵(jian)實(shi)(shi)招(zhao)。一是(shi)(shi)(shi)壓(ya)實(shi)(shi)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)責任。新一輪國(guo)土(tu)空間規劃已經(jing)明(ming)確(que)了(le)各(ge)(ge)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)和永(yong)久基(ji)本農(nong)(nong)田(tian)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)任務(wu),并(bing)落地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)落圖(tu)。省級黨委和政府(fu)得把(ba)(ba)責任牢(lao)牢(lao)扛在肩上,確(que)保(bao)(bao)18億畝(mu)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)紅(hong)線決(jue)不(bu)突(tu)破。二是(shi)(shi)(shi)全(quan)力提升(sheng)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)量(liang)。真正把(ba)(ba)15.46億畝(mu)永(yong)久基(ji)本農(nong)(nong)田(tian)建成適宜(yi)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)作、旱澇保(bao)(bao)收、高產穩產的(de)現代化良田(tian)。加快耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)量(liang)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)立(li)法(fa),實(shi)(shi)施黑(hei)土(tu)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)工程,加強(qiang)酸化等退化耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)治(zhi)理,實(shi)(shi)施耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)有(you)機質(zhi)提升(sheng)行動(dong)。三是(shi)(shi)(shi)改革完善耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)占(zhan)(zhan)補平(ping)(ping)衡(heng)制(zhi)度。將各(ge)(ge)類對(dui)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)的(de)占(zhan)(zhan)用(yong),統一納入占(zhan)(zhan)補平(ping)(ping)衡(heng)管理。健(jian)(jian)全(quan)補充耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)質(zhi)量(liang)驗收制(zhi)度。四是(shi)(shi)(shi)調(diao)動(dong)農(nong)(nong)民(min)和地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)方政府(fu)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)、種(zhong)糧抓糧積極性。健(jian)(jian)全(quan)種(zhong)糧農(nong)(nong)民(min)收益保(bao)(bao)障機制(zhi)。發展(zhan)(zhan)多種(zhong)形(xing)(xing)式(shi)的(de)農(nong)(nong)業適度規模(mo)經(jing)營。健(jian)(jian)全(quan)糧食(shi)(shi)主(zhu)產區利(li)益補償機制(zhi),形(xing)(xing)成糧食(shi)(shi)主(zhu)產區、主(zhu)銷區、產銷平(ping)(ping)衡(heng)區耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)保(bao)(bao)護(hu)合(he)力。加強(qiang)撂(liao)(liao)荒地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)治(zhi)理,摸清底數,分(fen)類推進撂(liao)(liao)荒地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)利(li)用(yong)。五是(shi)(shi)(shi)積極開發各(ge)(ge)類非(fei)傳(chuan)統耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)資(zi)源。加強(qiang)科(ke)技研發和生(sheng)產投資(zi),探索有(you)效發展(zhan)(zhan)模(mo)式(shi),把(ba)(ba)“藏(zang)糧于地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)”同“藏(zang)糧于技”結(jie)合(he)起來,利(li)用(yong)各(ge)(ge)類非(fei)傳(chuan)統耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)資(zi)源進行農(nong)(nong)業生(sheng)產。保(bao)(bao)護(hu)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)(geng)地(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)要嚴格(ge)執法(fa),但不(bu)能不(bu)分(fen)青紅(hong)皂(zao)白、來回(hui)“拉抽屜”。要實(shi)(shi)事求是(shi)(shi)(shi),尊重規律,保(bao)(bao)護(hu)農(nong)(nong)民(min)利(li)益,加強(qiang)宣傳(chuan)解(jie)讀(du),適當留出過渡期(qi),循序漸進推動(dong)。
文章指出,要抓好鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)地綜(zong)(zong)(zong)合(he)(he)改(gai)(gai)造利(li)用(yong)。鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)地綜(zong)(zong)(zong)合(he)(he)改(gai)(gai)造利(li)用(yong)是(shi)(shi)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地保護和改(gai)(gai)良的(de)重要方面(mian)。我國鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)地多,部(bu)分(fen)(fen)地區耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)化(hua)趨勢加(jia)劇,開(kai)展鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)地綜(zong)(zong)(zong)合(he)(he)改(gai)(gai)造利(li)用(yong)意(yi)義重大。要充分(fen)(fen)挖(wa)掘(jue)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)地開(kai)發(fa)利(li)用(yong)潛力(li),加(jia)強現有鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地改(gai)(gai)造提升,有效(xiao)遏制(zhi)(zhi)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)化(hua)趨勢,穩步拓展農(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)產空(kong)間,提高農(nong)業(ye)綜(zong)(zong)(zong)合(he)(he)生(sheng)產能力(li),做(zuo)好鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)地特色(se)農(nong)業(ye)大文章。要重點抓好幾項(xiang)工作:一是(shi)(shi)全面(mian)摸清(qing)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)地資源(yuan)狀況,把基(ji)礎工作打牢。二是(shi)(shi)搞好頂層設計,研究編制(zhi)(zhi)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)地綜(zong)(zong)(zong)合(he)(he)利(li)用(yong)總體規劃和專項(xiang)實(shi)施方案。三(san)是(shi)(shi)分(fen)(fen)類施策(ce),分(fen)(fen)區分(fen)(fen)類開(kai)展鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)耕(geng)(geng)(geng)地治(zhi)理改(gai)(gai)良。四是(shi)(shi)堅持糧經飼統籌,因地制(zhi)(zhi)宜利(li)用(yong)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)地,向各類鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)地資源(yuan)要食(shi)物。五是(shi)(shi)“以種適地”同“以地適種”相結(jie)合(he)(he),加(jia)快選育耐鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)特色(se)品種,大力(li)推廣鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)地治(zhi)理改(gai)(gai)良的(de)有效(xiao)做(zuo)法。六(liu)是(shi)(shi)制(zhi)(zhi)定支持鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)(yan)堿(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)地綜(zong)(zong)(zong)合(he)(he)利(li)用(yong)的(de)財政(zheng)金融政(zheng)策(ce),強化(hua)資金等要素保障。